RLC SERIES IMPEDANCE CALCULATOR

RLC Series Impedance Calculator

Impedance (Z): — Ω
Phase Angle: — °

What is Electrical Impedance?

In DC circuits, we only talk about resistance (R). But in AC (Alternating Current) circuits, components like inductors and capacitors oppose current in a more complex way. This total opposition is called Impedance (Z).

The Impedance Formula

Impedance is a vector quantity, often represented as a complex number. For a series RLC circuit, it is calculated as

Where:

  • R is the Resistance (Ohms).
  • XL​ is the Inductive Reactance
  • XC​ is the Capacitive Reactance

Phase Angle and Resonance

The relationship between voltage and current in AC circuits is not always in sync.

  • If XL​>XC​, the circuit is Inductive (current lags voltage).
  • If XC​>XL​, the circuit is Capacitive (current leads voltage).
  • When XL​=XC​, the circuit is in Resonance. At this point, impedance is at its minimum and equal to R.

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