How ADC conversion works
An ADC converts analog voltage into a digital number.
Formula
A common formula is V = Code / (2^N - 1) × Vref.
Resolution
A 10-bit ADC has 1024 possible codes. A 12-bit ADC has 4096 codes.
Voltage dividers
When measuring voltage above the reference, a voltage divider or amplifier stage is often required.
Design notes
ADC accuracy depends on reference stability, source impedance, noise and PCB layout.
Use the calculator
Try the related tool and calculate your own values instantly.
Open ADC Voltage Calculator