LDO simplicity
An LDO is simple and low-noise, which makes it common for STM32 boards. The downside is heat when input voltage is much higher than output voltage.
Dropout voltage
Dropout voltage defines the minimum input-output difference required for regulation. Battery-powered designs need careful dropout checks.
Thermal dissipation
Power loss is input-output voltage difference multiplied by current. Small packages can overheat at surprisingly low currents.
Low-power designs
For battery devices, regulator quiescent current can be more important than maximum output current.